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The Pyramid of Cheops, Egypt

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Pyramid of Cheops

While you enjoying yourself in the beautiful gold course here, you are bound to get a little dumbfounded as your attention goes to the pyramid of Cheops.

When you arrive here in Egypt, the first thing you should do is get yourself into a decent hotel; the Old Mena House is run by the Indian Based Oberoi group. What’s more are you can ask for a room that overlooks the pyramid. . The pyramid on its own is already quite amazing, what’s more is during the evenings, while the sun starts to set, the pyramid lights up by the fancy ground lighting that has been infused into the structure. The pyramid then looks completely out of this world.

On one side you have one of the most amazing pyramids in the world and on the other side you have a lovely landscaped world class, eighteen whole golf courses. The golf course is about one hundred and ten years old. The place is owned by the Mena House hotel and the good part about this gold course is that anyone can play.  In fact, even if you are not from the list of the hotel guests you could still play for a negligible charge.

There are no motorized carts on the golf course. You could get yourself a caddie or you could also hire yourself one of the big wheeled carriers. Clubs could be rented for about ten dollars.

This course was originally signed by the Mena hotel during the early Victorian era. This was actually done to try and make what is on the likes of the Scottish golf course.  There is lot of grass which is high and rough. This place was then designed in the year nineteen seventeen and it was redesigned to look like a much standardized course. Also the whole appeal and intent of actually playing gold just next to a world monument and International wonder, was just the stuff of dreams which as clearly made into reality.

Sip on some Egyptian coffee and indulge in the local sweets and savories; in the clubhouse restaurant. According to the manager, the maintenance and watering of the golf course is uniting tricky. If the water flow is excess then there will be water leaking toward the pyramid.  The department of antiquities has ordered the golf course to make sure that they never have any kind of water problems.

The manager also added that golf, for Egyptians is considered very expensive for a game.  Only about twenty thousand out of a population for about eighty million play golf.

Golf is usually only played by the upper class people in Egypt. Delegates, bankers, C.E.O’s and presidents of companies, are the kind of guests that the golf course usually attracts.

This country is desert dominated and there are about thirty four bunkers here.  There are nine hole courses that if you play them twice you would measure up to about five thousand three hundred yards. Since this place is very guest oriented, you can even play golf in your t-shirt and shorts.

Watch this space to find out more about the famous Pyramid and the monumental golf course that lies here.

Zulu Tribe: Quick Facts to Know

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Zulu People

The Zulu tribe are known for their culture, their many beliefs, their wear is completely traditional and this is where most of the battles have been fought. This is where the battle between this and the British fought in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-nine. This is why the reason why there was a war where the British empire wanted the Zulu tribe to get under control of the Zulus who actually won the battle.

There are Zulus who happen to have the largest tribal group in all of South Africa. This is also part of the northern Nguni tribe which even includes Wasti and Xhosa, there is a part of the Swati tribe who have occupied Swaziland which was always led by The king at that time called Mswati. It is believed that there are descendants of a chief of Congo from where the sixteenth-century person even migrated to the south. This is where he could lead the Zulu tribe from. Also later he fed in the Entombment madalandela.

The song took over as king then. The Zulu king is where these people have always succeeded by the elder sons and in this clan is the reason why all these kings had many wives so that the legacy can continue. This is where the ninety noted king of the region was then scudded by his father JAMA ka daba , who died later on.

When you get the Shaka Zulu who goes to bring back the kingdom by force because he was the elder third son. Nandi was the third wife to the initial Shaka who had the most rights to be king of Zulu. There were people who were happy with this delicious evasive of the way the Shaka Zulu was forced right out of the tribe.

Amongst the many other occasions that there are Zulus who arch known to celebrate this on the day of the Zulus girls reed dance.. this is held at the royal palace in the natal. These are where the Zulu girls and the ones who sing and dance in the Zulu tribe. There are warriors who show off their Zulu weapons and there are shields for the king and the audience. In the year two thousand and our, in South Africa, started voting and one of the greatest South African region, there was the shaka Zulu who was amongst the ones who represent the entire Zulu nation and leaves the maker of the Zulu tribe.

Voyage Delights to Siwa in Egypt

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Siwa Oasis of Egypt

Visit the historic town of Siwa and see the beauty of the isolated land located in the western part of Egypt in Southern African tours. Located around 550 km from the city of Cairo, this is a beautiful stretch of land around 80 km long and 20km wide. This is one of the most secluded settlements in Egypt and has beautiful visual appeal, which is hard to forget. The natural beauty and the historical tales from here are never-ending, and the town holds a beauty that is unparalleled.

The inhabitants are ethnic-based called Berbers who speak the Siwi language. The oasis is a beautiful palm grove with a big watering hole, which is frequented by animals. This huge region is filled with olive trees and date palms hovering around the horizon. There is a beautiful lake in the center and many villages surrounding them. There are around 300,000 palm trees, 300 freshwater springs, and at least 70,000 olive trees.

At the Siwa, you can visit the Temple Of The Oracle, which is located on the Aghurmi hill, which is around 4 km near Siwa. Until the 6th century BC, it was dedicated to Zeus. It is believed that kings have not been successful in sending armies to destroy the temple due to Oracle’s power.

The Temple Of Amun, an almost destroyed structure, with an inscribed wall showing all that had occurred then in those years is also worth visiting. It is believed that the Pharaoh Nectanebo of the 30th dynasty built it.

You also have Cleopatra’s pool, which is a natural hot spring that feeds on a rock pool. This is a very popular swimming hole for all the visitors and locals. There are restaurants and cafes, which provide a lot of delicious fares famous to these places.

Visits to Siwa Oasis are very interesting and delightful indeed.

Go Gorilla Trekking in Congo

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Congo Gorilla

Booking a flight from home to your desired holiday destination has always been the most pleasurable part of every traveler but a gorilla tracking tour to Congo isn’t just a vacation but fun. Wonderful trips with amazing memories come true in Africa especially to the land of gorillas in Virunga National park. The park attraction’s and itineraries take you to see the lovely unique primates, wildlife and incredible views of mountains and active volcanoes that surround the park.

Congo gorilla trips are booked according to goals and potential because there are many rewarding and exciting adventures with in the gorilla park that travelers take on like the 2 days hike to Nyiragongo volcanoes. The hike is rewarding and attractive to mountain hikers and climbers and if  you love tracking mountain gorillas and chimpanzees in a cheap and affordable way, Virunga national park offers exclusive gorilla trekking and chimpanzee tracking adventures in style that chimpanzees  and monkeys are part of the park lodge guests daily. While in any of Virunga lodge, carry your camera along and wait who will come near you for a photo. None other than Monkeys and chimpanzees that keep checking on park lodge guests  as they chill around a reason for visiting Virunga national park as  the finest primate holiday destination in Africa.

When planning a Congo gorilla safari consider factors like Congo Visa gorilla permit, transport and accommodation. After addressing all the above issue your trip to Congo will definitely be happier and exciting as you avoid needles travel time and expenses by flying to aright destinations and airport  and out from a right point. Usually travelers fly to Rwanda Kigali international airport and later transfer to north Rwanda in place called Lake Kivu sited close to Goma town in Congo. Others fly to Uganda through Entebbe international Airport and later connect to Kisoro a close town to Democratic Republic of Congo boarder, or even cross to Congo after settling the boda crossing formalities.

If you plan to track mountain gorillas, chimpanzee and also trek the active Nyiragongo volcano, do it in order and fly to Rwanda or Uganda.If you have never been to Africa getting to Rwanda can be awesome even if you have been to other Africa countries but again entering  Congo makes life worthy than never before. It’s a wonderful place to travel for all exciting primate encounters and meeting the mountain gorillas is part of the must dos of your holiday.

If you passionate about other type of gorillas like the East low land gorillas, still Congo has the unique gorilla species found just a few kilometers from Virunga National Park in Kahuzi Biega National park. And traveling to Congo to see lowland gorillas is as incredible as tracking mountain gorillas. Meeting the gorillas is a great experience as you witness their movements, nature in close distance. The gorillas are calm and love playing around with their babies and at some point the babies climb trees drawing the adult’s attention.

A Big thanks go to park rangers who protect them and also guide day’s tourists to where they are through the thick forest jungle. Rangers keep making ways through for tourists to walk safe until where the gorillas are. The Congo gorilla treks are usually about 1-5 hours depending on the movement of gorillas from their previous shelter but trackers find the encounter worth the effort. Despite the country political situation, the park is safe I believe your Congo travel will be safe and secure.

7 Reasons Why Travel to Rwanda

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While considering a visit to any African country this year – Rwanda should be the first country to click your mind as it is regarded as one of Africa’s most beautiful, most peaceful, cleanest and one of the most stable and smallest countries in all of Africa. Rwanda is known for its Volcanoes, Montane Forests, Pristine Lakes, clean towns and cities, its culture and history which alone is a very good reason to visit Rwanda. Rwanda is a home of misty rolling hills, terraced mountain sides but read on as to why you should visit Rwanda – the Land of a Thousand Hills.

1. Serene Beauty

Explore Rwanda’s hills and mountains that attract people to come and see. Rwanda’s thousands Hills are a place where God comes to rest – a gentle nudge toward “Rwanda” by the creator himself who find rest, peace, renewal in the Hills of Rwanda. Every visitor is deeply touched by the seeming endless hills that dot the Rwandan countryside in the heart of Africa. Sounds like a good enough reason for you to come and visit Rwanda – the land of a thousand Hills.

2. See the Mountain Gorillas
Have ever watched a movie entitled “Gorillas in the Mist” by Dian Fossey? Then come to Rwanda to practically see gorillas in the mist in the Volcanoes national park. Wake up in the morning and look toward the volcanoes where you will be heading to track the endangered mountain gorillas and what greets you is the pleasant mist over the mountains and valleys of Rwanda shrouding the Virunga Volcanoes – home of the Mountain Gorillas of Rwanda.

3. Wild Chimpanzees

With a visit to Rwanda, you will be able to reveal the hidden treasures of Nyungwe Forest National Park–a vast track of Montane Forest that spills even over into Burundi.  Nyungwe is a home to 13 different primates – almost 25% of Africa’s primates including chimpanzees, hundreds of birds some only found only in this Forest. Nyungwe is also a home to East and Central Africa’s only Canopy Forest Walk.  50 meters above the ground – you can observe the primates, birds and butterflies as they move through and among the treetops of the Park.

4. Explore the Volcanoes National Park

Spend some time in Rwanda exploring Volcanoes National Park – not only for mountain gorilla trekking and Golden Monkey tracking in the Bamboo Forests but also volcano climbing and hiking in day-hikes or overnight hikes. Visit Lakes in the foothills of the volcanoes, hike up to the former research station of Dian Fossey – see the remnants of her former home and the graveyard of her beloved Gorillas and her own final resting place. The Virunga Volcanoes – more than home to the Mountain Gorillas but also a place for hike and climbs, for birding, for golden monkey tracking.

6. Immerse in Unique Culture

Don’t leave without exploring the Rwanda’s unique Culture and rich Heritage–living treasure to be experienced and admired by visitors to the Land of a thousand hills. Enjoy Intore dance in cultural performances or learn arts and crafts from Villages. Whether it is a village stay or village visit – Rwanda’s culture is all around you for you to experience and take with you in thoughts, pictures and lasting memories.

7. Visit Genocide Memorial Sites

Discover the Trail of Tears and Sorrows through visiting Rwanda’s Sacred Places including the Genocide Memorials found in various parts of Rwanda. The Genocide of 1994 in Rwanda left close to one million people cruelly murdered– It was a tribal war by the Hutu against the Tutsi People. The memorials not only are a place of mourning and remembrance but places of triumph over evil that being so visible all over the new Rwanda where people are no longer Tutsi, Hutu or Twa but Rwandans.  “Never Again.”

9. Relax at the Lake Kivu

In a landlocked nation, Lake Kivu gives you another reason to visit the Land of a Thousand Hills. Come, relax and chill out after volcano climbs, gorilla and chimpanzee treks across Rwanda in a place of scenic loveliness and enjoyable beaches where you can be instead of just do while on safari in Rwanda. Spend a few days along Lake Kivu’s sandy beaches, enjoying its tropical islands, maybe some fishing, boating, nature walks but mostly relaxing under the tropical sun along Lake Kivu.

Maropeng – the Cradle of Humankind

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Maropeng the Cradle of Mankind

The Cradle of Humankind is a World Heritage Site and is one of the best wonders in the world in Southern Africa. This is in fact the richest site in the world having a lot of fossils of human ancestors. Around 40% of the human fossils are found here in this 53000 ha area, which also houses some of the best diversity of animals, birds, plants. Most of the endangered and rare animals are found here.

The Maropeng Visitor Centre is a major tour attraction for all travelers. Visitors come to Gauteng and enjoy the benefits of a great tour destination in Southern Africa. Maropeng is an official visitor centre located in the calm surroundings of Magliesberg and Witwatersberg ranges. Counted amongst the best World Heritage Sites, this exhibition centre is a unique blend of architectural elegance and constructional delights. It takes us to a time when the world originated millions of years ago.

With many activities like underground boat rides and beautiful exhibitions, visitors are introduced to an evolution of humankind through simple and exciting games and interactive displays. The visitors here are also made aware about how the environment is under threat and it highlights the importance of natural resources and how modern humans are equally important in a world of material interests.

Maropeng Visitor Centre Inside View Tourist Attraction in Maropeng Visitor Center

There is a rare opportunity of seeing the most fascinating dinosaur fossils and original hominid and houses some of the best artifacts from an ancient world. There are many secrets revealed about the origin of Earth and how it was so many years back. There is an elegant display of how these are stored in the fossil display room. Maropeng thus gives you the best sights and unique ones all through the year.

Get closer to the touristic attractions like the Cradle of Humankind in Southern Africa and enjoy your tour delights.

The 6 Most Visited Museums of Nigeria

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Museums of Nigeria

Below we have enlisted the most visited museums of Nigeria:

Benin City National Museum:
As the name suggests this museum is located in Nigeria’s Benin City; it is categorized as a national museum of the country. The exact location of Benin City National Museum is around the neighborhood of King’s Square at the city center. Here, the visitors will get to see artifacts belonging to the famous Benin Empire. The exhibits here include iron pieces, terracotta models and bronze figures.

Esie Museum:
It is one of the most popular tourist destinations of Esie, Nigeria. Esie museum was founded in the 1945. Earlier, the museum used to boast an exciting collection of 1,000 tombstone images or figures, each of which represented human beings. Besides that Esie Museum is also known for housing the biggest soapstone image collection of the world. Currently, the Esie museum hosts several religious events; an annual festival is held here in April.

Jos Museum:
The Jos Museum is situated in the city of Jos, Nigeria. It was inaugurated in the year 1952; the founder of the Jos Museum was Bemard Fagg, the celebrated British archaeologist. Currently, this museum is rated as one of the major centers of researches on prehistoric Nigerian culture. The most popular segment of the museum is ‘Pottery Hall’. Here, you will witness a fascinating collection of potteries coming from different corners of Nigeria. The works on the body of the potteries reveal the skill and creative impulses of the people of Nigeria. Besides that, the museum also houses a number of extraordinary specimens of the Nok terracotta heads. Here, you will also be greeted with artifacts dating back to the era between 500BC and 200AD. Adjacent to the museum premises, there is a school for the museum technicians. This school was founded with help from UNESCO.

Kaduna Museum:
If you are in Kaduna, Nigeria, this museum should be the first destination you will be visiting. The Kaduna Museum was established in the year 1975 and is one of the best museums of the country. The collections housed by Kaduna Museum include crafts, ethnolographic and archaeological exhibits. There’s also alive craft center in this museum; here you will get to witness men and women creating traditional crafts.

Kanta Museum:

This Nigerian museum is situated in the city of Argungu; to be more precise the museum is located beside the city’s main market. The building in which we have the Kanta Museum today was constructed in the year 1831 and was named after the founder of Kebbi Kingdom, Muhammad Kanta. The founder of this building was Yakubu Nebame, who was one of the former Emirs of Kebbi. The building served as Emir’s palace till the year 1942, after which the building was emptied by the then British ruler of the country. On 1st of July, 1958 the building was declared to be a museum; exploring this museum will inform you about Kebbi State’s turbulent history.

Owo Museum:
Visitors to the city of Owo, Nigeria should never forget to include this museum in their tour plan. Owo Museum was established in the year 1968. Initially the aim of this museum authority was accommodating antiquities that originally belonged to Olowo Palace. The exhibits of this museum include a huge collection of ethnographic materials and several important archaeological artifacts, each of which has been discovered from different regions of the city of Owo. The first excavation work in this city occurred during the time between 1969 and 1971. The excavation was supervised by the famous archaeologist Ekpo Evo. The city of Owo is located between two other well known art centers of Nigeria, Benin and Ife. So, the artwork housed by the Owo museum boasts features of artwork of both these cities.

All About Uganda the Pearl of Africa

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Uganda the Pearl of Africa

Uganda officially known as Republic of Uganda is a landlocked nation in Eastern Africa and is also called Pearl of Africa. It is surrounded on north by South Sudan, on east by Kenya, on west by Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), on southwest by Rwanda and on south by Tanzania. The country’s southern part includes substantial portion of Lake Victoria that is shared by Tanzania and Kenya. The inhabitants of Uganda were hunter gatherers till 1700 to 2300 years ago, when Bantu-speaking peoples migrated to Uganda’s southern regions. It gained independence in the month of October 1962 from Britain. Its official languages include Swahili and English, albeit there are were plenty of other languages spoken in Uganda.

The Ugandans were originally hunter gatherers and these groups developed and bought new ideas and iron working skills of political and social organization. The Empire of Kitara surrounded plenty of great lakes regions from Lake Victoria, Lake Albert and Lake Tanganyika to Lake Kyoga. Bunyoro-Kitara is called precursor of later kingdoms such as Busoga, Buganda, Ankole and Toro. Its Nilotic Luo incursion is considered to have led collapse of Chwezi Empire. The Ateker settled in eastern and north-eastern parts of Uganda and some combined with Luo in Lake Kyoga’s north region. Arab traders moved inland from East Africa’s Indian Ocean Coast in 1830s and were followed in 1860s by British explorers looking for source of Nile.

Uganda gained sovereignty in the year 1962 from Britain, maintaining the Commonwealth membership, and its original post independence was held in 1962 won by association between Kabaka Yekka and Uganda People’s Congress. KY and UPC created first post independence government with Prime Minister, Milton Obote, William Wilberforce Nadiope, Kyabazinga of Busoga as Vice President and Buganda Kabaka Edward Muteesa II holding largely ceremonial position of President. Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, President of Uganda at present is both head of government and head of state and appoints Edward Ssekandi as Vice President and Amama Mbabazi as Prime Minister. National Assembly formed the parliament with 332 members, out of which 104 of these members are nominated by interest groups like army and women.

Uganda is situated on East African plateau, lying mainly between longitudes 29° and 35° and latitudes 4°N and 2°S. It averages around 3609 feet above sea level and slopes quite steadily to Sudanese Plain to north. It lies almost fully within Nile basin, while Victoria Nile drains from the pond into Lake Kyoga and then into Lake Albert on Congolese border. The Lake Kyoga serves as rough boundary between Central Sudanic and Nilotic language speakers in north and Bantu speakers in and south. In spite of division between south and north in political affairs, this boundary basically runs roughly from northwest to the southeast, near Nile’s coast. Quite a few sources portray regional variation in terms of mannerisms, physical characteristics, clothing and bodily adornment.

Uganda is separated into different regions, spread transversely four managerial areas such as Western, Northern, Central and Eastern. These regions are further classified in states. All regions are separated into sub regions, villages, counties, parishes and sub-counties. Parallel with state administration, six conventional Bantu kingdoms have attained, liking quite a few degrees of mostly cultural autonomy; these include Toro, Rwenzururu, Ankole, Buganda, Busoga and Bunyoro.

Districts include Buikwe, Bukomansimbi, Butambala, Buvuma, Gomba, Kalangala, Kalungu, Kampala, Kayunga, Kiboga, Kyankwanzi, Luweero, Lwengo, Lyantonde, Masaka, Mityana, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nakaseke, Nakasongola, Rakai, Sembabule and Wakiso.

Counties of Uganda: Abim, Adjumani, Amolatar, Amuria, Amuru, Apac, Arua, Budaka, Bugiri, Bukwa, Bulisa, Bundibugyo, Bushenyi, Busia, Busiki, Butaleja, Dokolo, Gulu, Hoima, Ibanda, Iganga, Jinja, Kaabong, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kabingo, Kalangala, Kaliro, Kampala, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kasese, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kibale, Kiboga, Kiruhura, Kisoro, Kitgum, Koboko, Kotido, Kumi, Kyenjojo and more.

For several years, the economy of Uganda suffered from devastating economic instability and policies leaving it one of the poorest nations of the world. It has commenced economic growth and reforms have been robust. It has considerable natural resources such as fertile soils, sizable mineral deposits of cobalt and copper and regular rainfall. Between 1990s and 2001, the economy grew due to continued investment in rehabilitation of infrastructure, enhanced incentives for exports and production, gradually enhanced domestic security and reduced inflation. With securities exchanges of Uganda founded in the year 1996, various equities have been listed. The Capital Markets Authority has licensed investment advisors, 18 brokers and asset managers such as Baroda Capital Markets Uganda Limited, African Alliance Investment Bank, Crested Stocks and Securities Limited, Crane Financial Services Uganda Limited, Equity Stock Brokers Uganda Limited, Dyer & Blair Investment Bank, UAP Financial Services Limited and Renaissance Capital Investment Bank.

Uganda is a home to plenty of different ethnic groups and approximately 40 different languages are at present and regularly used in the nation. One of the official languages of Uganda is English, and the most extensively spoken local language is Luganda in Uganda. The Runyankore-Rukiga and Lusoga languages follow spoken principally in south-western and south-eastern regions of Uganda respectively. Conventional native beliefs are practiced in quite a few rural regions and are at times practiced alongside or merged with Islam or Christianity. Bahá’í Houses of Worship is situated on Kampala’s outskirts.

The cuisine of Uganda comprises of conventional cooking with Arab, English, Indian influences and Asian. Like cuisines of most nations, it varies in complexity from starchy filler with sauce of meat or beans to several-course meals served in high-end restaurants and upper-class homes. The country is Africa condensed with the best of everything the continent has to provide packed into small but striking destination. It is a home to highest peak range in Africa, Mountains of the Moon situated in Rwenzori National Park. It has the highest concentration of primates on planet such as majestic mountain gorilla, one of rarest faunas on Earth.

Places to visit in Uganda include Bigodi Wetland Sanctuary, Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Eastern Uganda, Kabale, Kampala, Kasese, Kibale Forest National Park, Lake Mburo National Park, Mbale, Mgahinga Gorilla National Park, Mount Elgon National Park, Murchison Falls National Park, Northern Uganda, Queen Elizabeth National Park, Rwenzori National Park, Semuliki National Park, Ssese Islands and Western Uganda

Uganda restaurants include Source Café, Fang Fang, Black Lantern, Le Petit Bistro, Fasika, Khana Khazana, Café Pap, Ling Ling, Mamba Point, La Fontaine, Masala Cheat House, La Chateau, Blue Mango, Fez Brasserie, 1000 Cups Coffee House, Haandi, Krua Thai, Luisin Supermarket and Canaan Restaurant.

Mobile phone network coverage is available in most parts of Uganda over 70 percent; however geography can make trouble in the mountainous regions.

History of Africa: Setting the Record Straight

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History of Africa

Africa has served as the region for loot since time immemorial. The Africans themselves were denied their history. It is widely believed that humans first walked on the continent of Africa. Historians, in recent years, have started to solve the mystery regarding the history of Africa. The history of Africa is unparalleled and unique.
The white race has convinced many cultures that Africa was not the cradle of civilization. They seem to indicate that the inhabitants of Africa were civilized after arrival of the white race. It is a common fact that Africa has been home to some of the world’s oldest civilization. The myths that have been in circulation for the past few centuries are only myths.

Most people in Africa are unaware about their history and heritage. Hence, they lack pride and faith. With the past lying obscure and hidden, the future is uncertain. Cultural imperialism originating from Western countries has engrossed the rest of the world. The younger generations of Africa seem to believe that the US doles out everything you need. The African population has been denied its cultural heritage. Priceless artifacts, which throw more light on the history of Africa, have been exported illegally to museums and art galleries in Western countries.

The history of Africa dates back to prehistoric times, before the arrival of the white race. However, narrating this history of Africa is quite challenging as there is no supporting evidence. The African culture and traditions have been maintained by society in verbal form. Nothing was documented as the written language was still undeveloped. African culture survived in the form of a story. The stories eventually were lost. Great kings names are seldom remembered today. A small percentage of tribes began documenting their history, including Cameroon’s Foumban dynasty. They invented a unique alphabet. The real documentation was initiated by Europeans. This can lead to biased view of events.

The European race wiped out the last vestiges of the ancient cultures. The white race could not fathom that Great Zimbabwe was built by African tribes. The so-called experts, explorers and scientists, concluded that a white civilization existed in Africa. In recent times, findings from the country of South Africa have not been revealed because they could fuel African nationalism that is black. The white race was of the firm belief that they reached Southern Africa exactly at the same time the black race did. This seemed to justify their rights and privileges.

The Tuareg Caravans

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The desert is an extreme environment . The heat is unbearable and dehydrating at the same time. Water , just as like want available to the people of Niger who were Tuaregs. So for the first millennium of their existence they used to cross the desert into the bilma oasis to exchange millet , maize, beans and cheese for salt pillar and dates.

The Tuareg are a Berber nomadic pastoralist people. These are the main inhabitants of the Sahara region of Africa,. In general , they call themselves kel tamasheq which actually means speakers of the language tamasheq.

Believed to have moved over the past two millenia , the Tuareg are now believed to like in the north and west of Africa. Although some researches believe that they have moved to the south. These people used to be the Saharan nomads. They used to have a writing script called tifinah.

The Tuareg are original descendants of the Sahara people. Herodotus describes these people are ancient Libyans people of the kingdom of garages. The ruins of germa have evidence of these facts.

Later on the legendary queen tin hinan from the tafilalt region expanded Tuareg southwards towards sahel. Tin hinan is responsible and credited for uniting the tribes and the culture that stills stands strong in our researchers later found a tomb of a woman later on and its was speculated that the tomb was no others than tin hinan herself.

The Tuaregs are primarily nomads and because of that they live across and operated the trans Saharan caravan trade which connected many major cities . This was done via five routes through the desert right onto the coast of Africa.

Human transport through the harsh deserts were almost like going against survival. Hence camels were incorporated into the nomad desert tradition , this was brought in by the Arabs from the Sahara . The group later started to take in hostages , this was done for captives trade of sale. Sometimes even for just to have them as local help and labor.

The captives who were traded or sold became part of the Tuareg community eventually.

The journey from Agadex to Bilma and back, this is the journey that the caravans come together in preparation for the departures in October. This journey lasts for about three weeks.

The food supply that is carried is just enough so that the rider and the camel can survive the journey. And also there is an issue about the weight carried , so good distance can only be accomplished with light weight.. the journey starts with a strong camel count of about twenty thousand and the trail stretches for about twenty five kilometers from the start of the herd. After all these years the herds have grown much smaller , although the pace that the journey takes place at is not changed even a bit. If the caravans stay on the same ridge as the sand then they are flowing the right path. Because the principal was followed quite rigidly before, trade seemed to prosper.

Once the climb over the dunes has been done ,the pace then remains constant. The caravans don’t stop their journey right from dawn till about dusk, and everyday an average of fifty ki9lo meters is covered.

At night the bags are unloaded off the camels and they have break. The tea cups quickly come out being served along with supper.

Over the years this genre of traditional journeying has been dying out however efforts are being taken to revive the spirit of the caravans traveling across the desert.